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一 教育科研中的随机现象 §1.1 随机现象及其统计规模性 在自然界和人类社会中存在着两类截然不同的现象。有许多现象在一定条件下必然会发生,如“同性的电互相排斥”,这种现象称为必然事件。反之,那种在一定条件下必然不会发生的现象称为不可能事件,如“同性的电互相吸引”就是必然不会发生的。我们称必然事件和不可能事件为决定性现象,它广泛地存在于自然界和人类社会中,许多自然科学分支都是研究决定性现象的。
A random phenomenon in education and scientific research §1.1 stochastic phenomenon and its statistical scale There are two distinct types of phenomena in nature and in human society. There are many phenomena that inevitably occur under certain conditions, such as “electricity of the same sex repels each other”. This phenomenon is called an inevitable event. On the contrary, the phenomenon that must not occur under certain conditions is called an impossible event, such as “the attraction of the same sex to each other” will inevitably happen. We call the inevitable events and the impossible events a decisive phenomenon. They exist widely in nature and in human society. Many natural science branches are studying the decisive phenomena.