肺气肿是以终末细支气管远端气腔永久性扩大,伴有肺泡壁破坏及肺弹性收缩功能障碍为特点的进行性破坏性疾病,表现为肺膨胀过度和通气障碍。目前对于肺气肿的诊断主要依靠肺功能检查(PFT),PFT是通过测定整个呼吸道(包括口腔、气管、大支气管)的气流量来间接反映肺功能状况,有关 Emphysema is a progressive, devastating disease characterized by a permanent expansion of the distal air bronchioles, with destruction of the alveolar wall and dysfunction of pulmonary elastic contractions, manifested as pulmonary hyperextension and ventilation disorders. At present, the diagnosis of emphysema mainly depends on the pulmonary function test (PFT). PFT indirectly reflects the pulmonary function status by measuring the air flow of the entire respiratory tract (including the oral cavity, trachea and bronchi)