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目的分析新型干法水泥项目生产性粉尘与噪声的危害特征,识别粉尘和噪声危害的关键控制岗位。方法采用工程分析法,职业卫生调查,职业危害因素检测及定量分级法,对某新型干法水泥生产项目生产性粉尘与生产性噪声危害调查、识别及其特征进行综合分析。结果生产性粉尘有石灰石粉尘、矽尘、电焊烟尘、石膏粉尘4种,接尘岗位超标率为60%,危害作业分级:Ⅲ级(20%),Ⅱ级(27%),Ⅰ级(33%),0级(20%)。瞬时噪声强度超过85 d B(A)的检测点占60%,超标噪声主要以低、中频声压级为主,原料岗位噪声超标。该项目生产中粉尘的关键控制岗位为水泥包装、配料、装车、石膏破碎和煤预均化;噪声关键控制岗位为原辅料破碎和风机。结论该新型干法水泥生产项目粉尘种类较多,超标严重,作业危害程度高,瞬时噪声强度大,应根据粉尘与噪声的关键控制点,加强防控。
Objective To analyze the hazard characteristics of productive dust and noise in the new dry process cement project and identify the key control posts with dust and noise hazards. Methods The methods of engineering analysis, occupational health investigation, occupational hazards testing and quantitative grading were used to conduct a comprehensive analysis on the investigation, identification and characteristics of productive dust and productive noise of a new dry process cement production project. Results There were 4 kinds of productive dust including limestone dust, silica dust, welding fume and gypsum dust. The over-standard rate of dust-contacting jobs was 60%, and the hazardous job classification was grade Ⅲ (20%), grade Ⅱ (27% %), Level 0 (20%). Instantaneous noise intensity over 85 d B (A) of the test points accounted for 60%, mainly in excess of noise level, the intermediate frequency sound pressure level, raw materials, excessive noise. The key control positions for dust production in this project are cement packaging, ingredients, loading, gypsum crushing and coal pre-homogenization; key positions for noise control are crushing raw materials and fans. Conclusion The new type of dry-process cement production project has many types of dust, serious over-standard, high operation hazards and high instantaneous noise intensity. It is necessary to strengthen prevention and control according to the key control points of dust and noise.