数学思想,是指现实世界的空间形式和数量关系反映到人们的意识之中,经过思维活动而产生的结果。数学思想是对数学事实与理论经过概括后产生的本质认识。数学方法是指人们在数学活动中为达到预期目的而采取的手段、途径和行为方式中所包含的可操作规则或模式。初中数学教学中常见的数学方法有:换元法、特定系数法、配方法、添加辅助元素法及因式分解法。 Mathematical thinking refers to the real world of the spatial form and quantity relations reflected in people's consciousness, through the result of thinking activities. Mathematical thinking is the realization of the essence of mathematics facts and theories. Mathematical method refers to people in mathematics activities to achieve the desired purpose, means, ways and means of conduct contained in the operation of the rules or patterns. Common math methods in junior high school mathematics teaching are: change yuan method, the specific coefficient method, with the method of adding auxiliary elements and factorization method.