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影响旋流式喷嘴雾化效果的结构因素主要有旋流器沟槽数目、沟槽升角和喷嘴出口段长度,首先采用VOF模型对喷嘴内部流场进行三维两相流数值模拟,并结合试验结果验证了VOF方法的有效性。随后利用该方法得到了在不同结构参数条件下的喷嘴内部流场的仿真结果及喷嘴喷雾角的仿真值,研究了各种结构因素对喷嘴雾化效果产生的影响。仿真结果表明:旋流器沟槽的不对称分布会对喷嘴雾化效果造成很大影响,旋流沟槽升角和出口段长度对喷嘴雾化效果有利有弊,设计时需要综合考虑。
The main structural factors affecting the atomization effect of the swirler nozzle are the number of swirler grooves, the angle of rise of the groove and the length of the outlet section of the nozzle. First, the VOF model is used to simulate the three-dimensional two-phase flow field inside the nozzle. The results verify the effectiveness of the VOF method. Then the simulation results of the nozzle internal flow field and the spray angle of the nozzle under different structural parameters were obtained by the method. The influence of various structural factors on the nozzle atomization effect was studied. The simulation results show that the unsymmetrical distribution of the cyclone slot will greatly affect the atomization effect of the nozzle. The angle of rise and exit of the spiral groove have both advantages and disadvantages on the atomization effect of the nozzle, and the design needs to be comprehensively considered.