严重感染和败血症在重症监护病房(ICU)的发病率和死亡率都很高,同时伴有临床和实验室指标的改变,如体温升高、白细胞增多和心动过速等。但是这些全身炎症反应的表现也可由非感染性病因引起,如没有感染性并发症的胰腺炎、严重创伤、烧伤等,因此对全身感染而言既没有敏感性,也无特异性。要鉴别器官功能不全或休克患者有没有全身感染常很困难,因 Serious infections and sepsis are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality in intensive care units (ICUs), accompanied by clinical and laboratory changes such as increased body temperature, leukocytosis and tachycardia. However, the manifestation of these systemic inflammatory responses can also be caused by noninfectious etiologies, such as pancreatitis without infectious complications, severe trauma, burns and the like, and thus neither sensitization nor specificity for systemic infection. To identify organ dysfunction or shock in patients with systemic infection is often difficult, because