OBJECTIVE In China, vinorelbine plus an anthracycline is a common neoadjuvant regimen for locally-advanced breast cancer (LABC).Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) is an altate anthracycline formulation with a more favorable safety profile compared with conventional anthracyclines.METHODS In this open-label trial, 61 women with LABC received up to 6 cycles of PLD 30 mg/m2 on Day 1 and vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 on Days 1 and 8 every 21 days. Hormone receptor and/or HER2 status was not routinely available.RESULTS The overall clinical response rate (primary efficacy endpoint) was 80% (95% CI: 68%-89%). Two patients achieved a pathological complete response (3%), with 75% having their tumor down-staged, and 89% proceeding to tumor resection. The most frequent nonhematologic adverse events were stomatitis, fever,rash, and palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia, with none considered serious. Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia occurred in 10% and 2% of patients, respectively.CONCLUSION PLD plus vinorelbine demonstrated comparable efficacy to conventional anthracyclines plus vinorelbine in the neoadjuvant treatment of LABC, but may offer safety advantages.