分析自１９８０年以来我国化肥产量和用量增加很快，而粮、棉等主要农作物产量增长较慢的原因，提出今后我国化肥工作，必须既抓“开源”，又抓“节流”。论述我国化肥的品种结构、氮磷钾比例有待进一步调整；以及在科学施肥方面尚应进行的工作。并提出应建立符合国情的农化服务体系，推广科学施肥技术 This paper analyzes the reason why the output and amount of chemical fertilizers in China have increased rapidly since 1980, while the output of major crops such as grain and cotton has been slow to grow. It is suggested that in the future, we must pay attention to “open source” and “reduce expenditure”. Discuss the variety structure of our country fertilizers, the proportion of NPK to be further adjusted, and the work that should be carried out in the aspect of scientific fertilization. And proposed should be established in line with national conditions of agricultural services system to promote scientific fertilization technology