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基于云南49个橡胶(Hevea brasiliensis)林样方(10 m×10 m)的植物调查数据,应用物种丰富度(S)、Shannon指数(H)、Simpson指数(D)、Srensen指数(Cs)和RDA排序等方法,分析了林下植物物种组成、物种多样性、林分相似性以及环境影响因素。结果表明:云南橡胶林林下维管束植物共有102科274属387种,其中最常见的为飞机草(Eupatorium odoratum)、弓果黍(Cyrtococcum patens)、两耳草(Paspalum conjugatum)和地桃花(Urena lobata)等。西双版纳地区橡胶林林下植物物种丰富度、Shannon指数和Simpson指数较高,而红河地区较低;8~10龄橡胶林的Shannon指数和Simpson指数显著低于其他林龄橡胶林;物种丰富度、Shannon指数和Simpson指数在500~700 m海拔最高;多样性在>25°坡度较高,在2°~15°坡度较低。红河、版纳、普洱、临沧和德宏橡胶林的物种组成存在一定相似性,其中临沧同普洱间的相似性系数高达0.47。环境因子中的气温、降水量、海拔等7个因素对优势种分布的解释量仅为20.23%。
Based on the plant survey data of 49 hevea brasiliensis forest plots (10 m × 10 m) in Yunnan Province, the species richness (S), Shannon index (H), Simpson index (D) and Srensen index ) And RDA, the species composition, species diversity, similarities of stands and environmental factors were analyzed. The results showed that there were 387 species belonging to 274 genera and 102 families in the rubber plantation. The most common species were Eupatorium odoratum, Cyrtococcum patens, Paspalum conjugatum and Urena lobata) and so on. The species richness, Shannon index and Simpson index of understory plants in Xishuangbanna were higher than those in Honghe, while the Shannon index and Simpson index of 8 ~ 10 years old rubber plantations were significantly lower than those in other rubber plantations. Species richness, The Shannon index and Simpson index were the highest at 500 ~ 700 m. The diversity was higher at> 25 ° and lower at 2 ° ~ 15 °. There were some similarities in the species composition of Honghe, Banna, Pu’er, Lincang and Dehong rubber forests, of which the similarity coefficient between Lincang and Pu’er was as high as 0.47. Environmental factors in the temperature, precipitation, elevation and other seven factors explain the distribution of dominant species is only 20.23%.