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肝硬化门脉高压患者由于机体抵抗力的降低，极易发生革兰阴性菌感染，并形成内毒素血症；由于门体分流的形成、肝脏对内毒素清除能力的减退以及肠道内毒素生成和摄取的增多，也容易导致内毒素血症的发生。内毒素血症不仅具有加剧门脉高压高动力循环、加重肝硬化时的肾功能损害
Patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension are susceptible to Gram-negative bacterial infections and endotoxemia due to the decreased resistance of the body. Due to the formation of portal shunt, the liver reduces endotoxin-depleting capacity and intestinal endotoxin production and Increased intake, but also easily lead to the occurrence of endotoxemia. Endotoxemia is not only exacerbated by high portal hypertension hyperdynamic circulation, aggravating renal damage in cirrhosis