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[目的]了解上海市金山区居民肿瘤死亡原因及其所致寿命损失,为制定肿瘤防治措施提供参考依据。[方法]分析2008~2013年各级医疗机构上报的肿瘤死亡病例数据,并计算粗死亡率、标化死亡率、构成比、潜在寿命损失率、标化寿命损失率等指标。[结果]2008~2013年金山区居民肿瘤位居全死因的首位,肿瘤粗死亡率为225.29/10万,标化死亡率为104.68/10万。肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结直肠癌和食管癌是金山区居民最主要的前5位肿瘤死因。0~14岁组人群首位肿瘤死因是白血病,15~44岁组是肝癌,45~64岁组和65岁及以上组则是肺癌。潜在寿命损失率排序前5位肿瘤为肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、食管癌和结直肠癌,潜在寿命损失率在2.00%~6.79‰之间。[结论]肿瘤已成为金山区居民最具威胁的致死性重大疾病之一,应针对不同类别的肿瘤和不同人群特点采取综合性防治措施。
[Objective] To understand the causes of cancer death and the loss of life expectancy caused by the residents in Jinshan District of Shanghai, and to provide reference for the development of cancer prevention and treatment measures. [Methods] The data of cancer deaths reported by medical institutions at all levels from 2008 to 2013 were analyzed. The indexes of crude death rate, standardized death rate, constituent ratio, potential loss of life expectancy, and standardized life loss rate were calculated. [Results] The residents of Jinshan from 2008 to 2013 ranked the first among the all-cause cancer patients with a crude tumor death rate of 225.29 / 100,000 and a standardized mortality rate of 104.68 / 100,000. Lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and esophageal cancer are the leading causes of cancer death among residents in Jinshan District. The first cancer death in the 0-14 age group was leukemia, the liver cancer was seen in the 15-44 age group, and the lung cancer was seen in the age group 45-64 and the age group 65 and older. Potential loss of life-time rankings The top 5 tumors were lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer with a potential loss of life expectancy of between 2.00% and 6.79 ‰. [Conclusion] Tumor has become one of the most threatening and fatal major diseases in Jinshan area residents. Comprehensive prevention and treatment measures should be taken according to the characteristics of different types of tumors and different populations.