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激光惯性约束聚变的核心思想是利用球形内爆技术对聚变燃料进行增压,使热核燃料达到高温、高密度的等离子体状态,进而实现聚变点火。基于对称压缩、流体界面不稳定性和实验诊断的考虑,ICF实验对作为热核燃料容器的空心微球的品质在球形度、壁厚均匀性、表面粗糙度以及掺杂水平等方面提出了严格的要求。为满足这些要求,陆续发展了乳液微封装技术、降解芯轴技术、低压等离子体聚合/掺杂技术、干凝胶玻璃微球制备技术等用于多层塑料微球和空心玻璃微球的研制。另一方面,针对ICF靶丸量小、质轻以及表面要求高的特点,发展了相应的非破坏性靶丸参数表征技术,如X光照相技术、4π形貌表征技术、微球掺杂水平测量技术以及微球内燃料负载水平快速测试技术。基于这些制备与表征技术,初步实现了多层塑料微球、玻璃微球、聚-!-甲基苯乙烯芯轴微球、梯度掺杂CH微球的研制,满足了“神光Ⅱ”、“神光Ⅲ原型”及“神光Ⅲ主机”上开展的一系列内爆物理实验的要求,同时为未来点火物理实验用靶丸的研制提供了技术支撑。
The core idea of laser inertial confinement fusion is to use the spherical implosion technology to pressurize the fusion fuel so that the hot nuclear fuel reaches the high temperature and high density plasma state, and then the fusion ignition is achieved. Based on the consideration of symmetric compression, fluid interface instability and experimental diagnosis, the ICF experiment proposed the strict quality of hollow microspheres as thermo-nuclear fuel containers in sphericity, wall thickness uniformity, surface roughness and doping level Claim. In order to meet these requirements, the development of emulsion micro-encapsulation technology, degradation mandrel technology, low-pressure plasma polymerization / doping technology, dry gel glass microspheres preparation technology for multi-layer plastic microspheres and hollow glass microspheres development . On the other hand, in view of the characteristics of small, light weight and high surface requirements of ICF, corresponding non-destructive target parameterization techniques have been developed, such as X-ray photography, 4π topography, microsphere doping Measurement techniques and rapid testing of fuel load levels in microspheres. Based on these preparation and characterization techniques, the multi-layer plastic microspheres, glass microspheres, poly -! - methyl styrene mandrel microspheres, and gradient doping CH microspheres were developed to meet the requirements of “SG Ⅱ” “,” “SG” Prototype “and ” SG "host a series of implosion physics experiments carried out at the same time for the future development of ignition physics experiment with the technical support provided.