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采用测坑定位试验的方法研究不同灌溉条件下稻田系统氮素流失特征。结果表明:与常规淹灌(W1)处理相比,间歇灌溉(W2)和湿润灌溉(W3)等节水灌溉处理可分别减少4.37%和8.88%的灌水量、35.74%和5.98%的径流排水量以及2.01%和17.28%的渗漏排水量;整个水稻季,W1处理的总氮(TN)径流和渗漏流失负荷均为最高,分别为11.69、3.40kgN·hm-2;与W1处理相比,较低的排水量导致W2处理和W3处理分别减少了52.01%和38.24%的TN径流流失,以及15.88%和42.06%的TN渗漏流失;W2处理和W3处理还分别提高了10.83%和5.46%的水稻籽粒产量。研究表明节水灌溉不仅能有效控制稻田氮素流失,并能在一定程度上提高水稻产量。
Study on Nitrogen Loss Characteristics of Paddy Field System under Different Irrigation Conditions by Using Pit Positioning Experiment. The results showed that the water saving irrigation treatments such as intermittent irrigation (W2) and wetting irrigation (W3) decreased 4.37% and 8.88%, 35.74% and 5.98% of the runoff drainage volume respectively compared with the conventional irrigation (W1) And 2.01% and 17.28% respectively. During the whole rice season, total nitrogen (TN) runoff and seepage loss load of W1 were the highest, which were 11.69 and 3.40kgN · hm-2 respectively. Compared with W1 treatment, The lower discharge resulted in 52.01% and 38.24% loss of TN runoff and TN loss of 15.88% and 42.06% respectively for W2 and W3 treatment. The W2 and W3 treatments also increased the leakage of 10.83% and 5.46% respectively Rice grain yield. Studies have shown that water-saving irrigation can not only effectively control nitrogen loss from paddy fields, but also increase rice yield to a certain extent.