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人民主权,或称主权在民,从它开始为资产阶级启蒙思想家所倡导,并赋予其民主和法治的内涵时,就是资产阶级政治思想演进中一个不可替代的理论。它并非历史的陈迹,在我们实行政治体制改革的今天,主权在民理论的闪光之处仍值得我们思考和借鉴。一、“人民主权”的历史透视人民主权,并非新概念。在近代思想史上,首先是英国的洛克,其后为法国的卢梭,都提出过“主权在民”的法治理论,卢梭却比洛克更进一步。卢梭在《论人类不平等的起源和基础》中公开宣称:“我将选择一个
People’s sovereignty, or sovereignty, is an irreplaceable theory in the evolution of bourgeois political thought when people, advocated by bourgeois enlightenment thinkers from the very beginning, confer on them the connotation of democracy and the rule of law. It is not a historical relic. Today when we carry out the reform of the political system, sovereignty still deserves our consideration and reference for the flashes of the people theory. I. Historical Perspective of “People’s Sovereignty” People’s sovereignty is not a new concept. In the history of modern thought, first Locke of Britain and then Rousseau of France proposed the theory of the rule of law “sovereignty and people”, Rousseau went further than Locke. Rousseau openly declared in “On the Origin and Basis of Human Inequality”: "I will choose one