烟酒对胎儿的影响自古以来就被医学界甚至整个社会重视,而不少妇女在妊娠期间仍然在饮酒和吸烟。本文仅就目前已经证实的饮酒或吸烟对胎儿的毒性作用作一概述。一、饮酒酒精是由胃和肠道吸收,主要经过肝脏代谢的,在脱氢酶的作用下氧化为乙醛,最终分解成水和二氧化碳排出体外。乙醇和分解的乙醛均有毒性,容易通过胎盘进入胎儿 The impact of tobacco and alcohol on the fetus since ancient times by the medical profession and even the entire community attention, while many women are still drinking during the pregnancy and smoking. This article provides an overview of the toxic effects of alcohol or tobacco on the fetus that have been demonstrated so far. First, drinking alcohol is absorbed by the stomach and intestine, mainly through the liver metabolism, in the role of dehydrogenase into acetaldehyde, the final decomposition into water and carbon dioxide excreted. Ethanol and decomposition of acetaldehyde are toxic, easy to enter the fetus through the placenta