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目的探讨颅颈交界区各解剖结构之间的对应关系及立体结构框架,为后颅窝手术提供相应的解剖学数据及资料。方法 10例(20侧)成人带颈头颅标本,按颅颈交界区解剖层次进行解剖和观测,同时对相应区域进行测量,并做统计学分析。结果乳突、寰椎横突外侧端,枕骨大孔后缘中点在颅颈交界区是重要的解剖学标志,椎动脉V2段寰枢椎间段、V3段应在手术中注意保护,同时进一步确定了各重要骨性标志的定位及相关重要结构之间的距离。结论颅颈交界区以乳突为定位点的各解剖结构的测量、椎动脉重要区段的观测,为术中有效保护重要结构提供理论依据。
Objective To explore the corresponding relationship between cranial and cervical junction anatomical structures and three-dimensional structural framework for the posterior fossa surgery to provide appropriate anatomical data and information. Methods Ten cases (20 sides) with cervical skull specimens were dissected and dissected according to the anatomical level of the craniocervical junctional area. At the same time, the corresponding areas were measured and analyzed statistically. Results The mastoid, the lateral end of transverse atlas and the midpoint of posterior edge of the foramen magnum are important anatomical landmarks in the craniocervical junction. The V3 segment of the atlantoaxial segment of the vertebral artery V2 should be protected during the operation. At the same time Further identified the positioning of the important bone markers and the distance between the relevant important structure. Conclusion The measurement of anatomical structures with the position of mastoid in the craniocervical junction and the observation of important segments of the vertebral artery provide theoretical basis for the effective protection of important structures during operation.