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了解近年来新生儿主要疾病及死因构成.方法 统计1985～1994年儿科全部住院新生儿,比较足月新生儿和早产儿患病病种、死亡原因及主要疾病病死率.结果 1704例新生儿中,43.2%日龄≤7天,病种以感染性疾病为主.死亡149例,病死率8.7%,73%日龄≤7天.早产儿病死率是足月儿的4倍.主要疾病病死率以围生期缺氧(29.1%)和硬肿症(22.2%)最高.结论 感染性疾病仍是新生儿时期主要疾病,围生期缺氧、硬肿症及早产是新生儿死亡的重要原因.加强围生期疾病防治是降低新生儿病死率的关键.
To understand the main diseases and causes of death in newborns in recent years.Methods All hospitalized pediatric neonates from 1985 to 1994 were enrolled in this study.The prevalences, causes of death and mortality of major diseases in term neonates and premature infants were compared.Results Among 1704 neonates , 43.2% of the days of age ≤ 7 days, the disease predominantly infectious diseases, 149 cases of death, the mortality rate of 8.7%, 73% of the day-old ≤ 7 days, the mortality rate of preterm children is four times of full-term children. The rate of perinatal hypoxia (29.1%) and scleredema (22.2%) was the highest.Conclusion Infectious diseases are still the major diseases in neonatal period, and perinatal hypoxia, sclerema and preterm birth are the important neonatal deaths Reasons. To strengthen perinatal disease prevention and control is to reduce the critical neonatal mortality.