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形而上学,至少就它始于并终将“超越”我们的朴素世界观这一点而言,需要认知科学,因为在做出判断和掌握概念时所发生的超出了通过内省可知的范围。就事件的个体化问题而言,主要存在着统一论和多重论两种观点。但认知科学提供的证据表明,这场争论的两派是在对两类不同的心理呈现——时空系统中的事件呈现以及基于种类的系统中的事件呈现——的所指对象进行理论化。我们应该摒弃统一论和多重论的原初假设,即两种观点中只有一种是正确的。相反,我们应该得出结论:二者都是正确的。最好的解决方案是容许事件的两个形而上学范畴。这就是认知科学在形而上学建构中扮演的角色。
Metaphysics, at least in the sense that it begins and ends “beyond” our naive worldview, requires cognitive science because what happens in making judgments and mastery of concepts goes beyond what is knowable through introspection. As far as individualization of events is concerned, there are mainly two kinds of views: unity theory and multiple theory. But the evidence provided by cognitive science shows that the two sides of this debate are theorizing the objects of two different types of psychic presentations: the presentation of events in the spatiotemporal system and the presentation of events in species-based systems . We should abandon the original hypothesis of unification and pluralism, that is, only one of the two views is correct. Instead, we should conclude that both are correct. The best solution is to allow two metaphysical aspects of the event. This is the role of cognitive science in the construction of metaphysics.