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大量研究从实证的角度发现自尊并非只有高低之分,其性质不是单一的,而是存在多种类型,高自尊者的行为比低自尊者更为复杂,并至少存在两种不同类型的高自尊:安全高自尊和脆弱高自尊,而脆弱高自尊又包括防御高自尊、条件高自尊、不稳定高自尊和不一致高自尊四种形式。自尊异质性日益受到关注,研究者们纷纷对其概念、影响因素及测量方法诸多方面进行了论述,并与心理健康、人格障碍等联系起来进行了实证研究。这些研究均说明区别讨论脆弱高自尊和安全高自尊是有现实临床意义的,但几种自尊类型的相互关系、均衡性及概念的异质性等都需要在未来的研究中加以注意。
A large number of researches have found that self-esteem is not divided into high and low points only from an empirical point of view. Its nature is not single, but exists in many types. High self-esteem is more complicated than low self-esteem and has at least two different types of high self-esteem : Safe, high self-esteem and fragile, high self-esteem. Vulnerability and high self-esteem, on the other hand, include defensive high esteem, high conditional self-esteem, unstable high esteem and inconsistent high self-esteem. As the heterogeneity of self-esteem attracts more and more attention, researchers have discussed many aspects of its concept, influencing factors and measuring methods, and conducted empirical research in connection with mental health and personality disorders. All of these studies indicate that it is of practical clinical significance to discuss the relationship between fragile high self esteem and safe high self esteem. However, the interrelationship, balance and conceptual heterogeneity of several types of self esteem need to be noticed in future studies.