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已知决定性别的关键在于性染色体。分离并识别精子按需行人工授精是目前的研究方向。曾试用过白蛋白柱、凝胶滤过、离心和电泳等分离精子。识别精子有奎纳克林染色的化学性识别法、染色体标本制作法和DNA探针法等。研究X、Y精子分离的目的之一为避免性染色体异常遗传病,特别是隐性伴性遗传病,如血友病、肌营养不良、色盲、无γ蛋白血症等只发生于男性的无根治方法的病症。因此选择X精子受精,可避免病儿出生。以12梯段的Percou密度梯度离心法分离精子,用奎纳克林荧光染色法识别精子。沉淀中X精于纯度达90％以上,回收率约23%,上层Y精子比率不足60％。按日本医师会及日本妇产学会的伦理委员会规定,临床应用产前性选择对象只限血友病等严重隐性伴性遗传病,并要求事前登记和报告结果,征得不孕夫妇同意和了解,用分离的X精子为红绿色盲、血友病、肌营养不良等病
Known sex is the key to sex chromosomes. Separation and identification of sperm on-demand artificial insemination is the current research direction. Have tried albumin column, gel filtration, centrifugation and electrophoresis separation of sperm. Identification of sperm quinaclotin chemical identification method, chromosome specimen preparation method and DNA probe method. Study X, Y One of the purposes of sperm segregation is to avoid genetic disorders of sex chromosomes, especially occult genetic disorders such as hemophilia, muscular dystrophy, color blindness, non-gamma proteoglycosis, etc. that occur only in men The cure for the condition. So choose X spermatozoa, can prevent sick children born. Spermatozoa were isolated by Percou density gradient centrifugation in 12 steps and sperm were identified by quinacrine fluorescence staining. Precipitates X purity over 90%, the recovery rate of about 23%, the upper Y sperm ratio of less than 60%. According to the Japan Society of Physicians and Japanese Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ethics Committee provides that the clinical application of prenatal sex selection is limited to hemophilia and other serious hidden sex genetic diseases and require pre-registration and report the results, the consent of infertile couples and Understand that with isolated X sperm for red-green blindness, hemophilia, muscular dystrophy and other diseases