医生给病人诊病开药时,常会向病人提出一些忠告,比如少喝酒、不抽烟、避免情绪波动等。但是,近年来国外不少医学保健专家认为,如果只是简单地向病人提出上述建议或告诫,还是远远不够的。重要的是要使这些带有经验性的建议成为一种富有科学根据的建议。比如,针对不同病人,医生应建议参加哪些具体的运动煅炼,采用哪些适宜释放压力的行为,或投入哪些艺术活动等对病人康复更有效。这种把病人的具体行为作为治病或保健的方法,医学专家称之为“行为处方”或“无药处方”。 When the doctor prescribes medicine to the patient, he often makes some suggestions to the patient, such as drinking less alcohol, not smoking, and avoiding mood swings. However, in recent years, many foreign medical and health experts believe that it is far from enough to simply make the above suggestions or warnings to the patients. It is important to make these empirical recommendations a science-based recommendation. For example, for different patients, doctors should advise on what specific exercises to exercise, which stress relieving behaviors should be used, or what kind of artistic activities should be put into place to make patient rehabilitation more effective. This kind of patient behavior as a cure or health care methods, medical experts call it “behavioral prescription” or “drugless prescription.”