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目的建立空间辐射环境下,航天员器官所受辐射剂量及对其健康危险的计算方法。方法利用符合航天员体征的人体MRI图像,建立三维男性人体模型及辐射数据库,并结合蒙特卡罗粒子输运程序GEANT4用于剂量计算。结果我们得到了模拟各向同性抽样情况下,10MeV到500MeV单个质子对人体辐射敏感器官的吸收剂量及有效剂量。结论在航天员体征三维人体模型及辐射数据库的基础上,利用空间舱内测量质子谱,得到了舱内累计剂量。计算的皮肤剂量为148.6μGy/d,该值与美国和俄罗斯发表的数据100 ～300μGy/d比较接近。
Objective To establish a method of calculating radiation dose to astronauts and their health risk in space radiation environment. Methods The 3D human male model and radiation database were established by using the MRI images of human astronaut in line with the astronaut ’s signs, and combined with the Monte Carlo particle transport program GEANT4 for dose calculation. As a result, we obtained the absorbed dose and the effective dose of a single proton of 10 MeV to 500 MeV on human body radiation-sensitive organs in the simulated isotropic sampling. Conclusion Based on the three-dimensional human body model and the radiation database of astronauts, the accumulated dose in the cabin was obtained by measuring the proton spectrum in the space cabin. The calculated skin dose was 148.6 μGy / d, which is similar to the data published in the United States and Russia of 100-300 μGy / d.