口算包括视算和听算。采用哪一种应該由教学的目的要求和題目的性質来决定的。例如要求学生熟悉复名数的进率、化聚法、面积体积的計算及一般的口算方法都可以采用听算;如果要求学生利用加法乘法的交換法則来計算的及較复杂的应用題应該采用视算。但还要照顧到班級基础,如果学生的記忆力还較差,应多用视算,以后可視算听算交錯进行,逐漸过渡到以听算为主。因为日常生活中运用的口算大都屬于听算,而且听算还可以节省人力物力,教师不必每堂課写很多口算題了。 Mouth calculations include accounting and listening calculations. Which one should be adopted depends on the purpose of the teaching and the nature of the topic. For example, students are required to be familiar with the rate of re-entry, aggregation method, the calculation of area volume and the general method of calculation can be used to listen; if students require the use of additive multiplication of the exchange law to calculate and more complex questions should Adopted. But we must also take into account the basis of the class, if the memory of students is still poor, should be used more than expected, after the calculation can be considered considered staggered calculations, the gradual transition to the main hearing. Because most of the calculations used in daily life belong to the calculation, and listening can also save manpower and resources, teachers do not have to write a lot of oral problems in every class.