战后的欧洲,人文社会科学出现了一个思想空前活跃的时期,各种新思潮、新观念、新方法竞相涌现.其中之一就是结构主义.这种以相对的思维方式取代既往实证式的思维方式,先行确定视角,然后再勾划出研究范畴的倾向,不仅在哲学认识论、心理学、人类学等各个学科都卓有表现,而且在语言学方面取得了重大突破,其研究成果又反过来大大推动了包括文学批评在内的各人文社会学科的发展.然而,英美文论界却还不曾出现观念上 In the post-war Europe, humanities and social sciences emerged in an era of unprecedented vigilance, and various new ideas, new ideas and new methods emerged competing. One of them was structuralism, which replaced the previous empirical thinking with relative thinking Way, to determine the perspective first, and then delineate the tendency of research category, not only in philosophy epistemology, psychology, anthropology and other disciplines are outstanding performance, but also made a major breakthrough in linguistics, and its research results in turn Greatly promoted the development of humanities and social sciences including literary criticism.However, the British and American literary circles have not yet appeared conceptually