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以种植2、4、6、11、13、16、19年的蔬菜日光温室土壤为研究对象,并以露地菜田为对照,测定了土壤微生物区系及酶活性的变化.结果表明:随着种植年限的增加,土壤中细菌、放线菌和微生物总数均呈现先增加后减少的趋势,在种植11年时达到最大值,分别比对照增加了54.8%、63.7%和55.4%,差异达显著水平;而真菌数量持续上升,种植19年约为对照的2.2倍.微生物生理类群中,纤维素分解菌、自生固氮菌、亚硝酸细菌、反硝化细菌和硫化细菌数量的变化趋势与细菌相似,种植11年分别为对照的1.5、1.6、1.9、1.4和1.1倍;而氨化细菌数量则呈现先减少后增加的趋势,在种植13年时达到最小值,为对照的56.0%.土壤中脲酶、多酚氧化酶、蔗糖酶、蛋白酶、纤维素酶和碱性磷酸酶活性随种植年限的增加呈现先增强后减弱的趋势,而过氧化氢酶活性较稳定.相关分析表明,细菌、放线菌和微生物总数与各土壤酶均呈显著正相关;而真菌数量与脲酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶和碱性磷酸酶均呈负相关,其中与过氧化氢酶的相关性达到显著水平.
The changes of soil microflora and enzyme activities in soils were studied by planting 2,4,5,11,13,16,16 years of vegetables and sunlight in greenhouse. The results showed that with the increase of The total number of bacteria, actinomycetes and microorganisms in soil increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of planting years and reached the maximum at 11 years of planting, which increased by 54.8%, 63.7% and 55.4% respectively compared with the control, the difference was significant While the number of fungi continued to increase, which was about 2.2 times that of the control in 19 years of cultivation. The change trend of the number of cellulolytic bacteria, azotobacter, nitrite bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and sulfur bacteria in the microbial community was similar to that of bacteria, 11 years after planting were 1.5, 1.6, 1.9, 1.4 and 1.1 times as much as the control, while the number of ammonifying bacteria showed the trend of decreasing and then increasing, reaching the minimum at 13 years of planting, which was 56.0% of the control. , Polyphenol oxidase, sucrase, protease, cellulase and alkaline phosphatase activity first increased and then decreased with the increase of planting years, and catalase activity was stable. The correlation analysis showed that the bacteria, Bacteria and micro Total enzyme composition with the soil had significant positive correlation; fungi number urease, invertase, alkaline phosphatase and catalase negative correlation, wherein the correlation of catalase was significant.