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目的了解基层医院医务人员锐器伤的发生,为制定健全的职业防护策略提供依据。方法 2014年9月采用上海复旦大学中山医院设计的国内通用锐器伤调查表,对临床及医技科室人员共268人进行问卷调查。结果经调查发生锐器伤后知晓暴露源的占72.7%,暴露源不明占27.3%;已知暴露源中携带血源性病原体第1位的是乙型肝炎病毒,共13人次,占59.09%;“自我记忆”的锐器伤报告69人次,报告率为28.16%,实际报告7人,报告率为2.86%;发生锐器伤所涉及的器具排在第1位的是头皮钢针,锐器伤发生时机排在第1位的是手术缝合时,锐器伤发生场所排第1位的是普通病房。结论锐器伤是医务人员的常见职业伤害,锐器伤后的报告率低,基层医务人员亟待构建完善的职业防护知识屏障,保障职业安全。
Objective To understand the occurrence of sharp injuries of medical staffs in primary hospitals and provide the basis for establishing a sound occupational protection strategy. Methods In September 2014, a total of 268 people in the clinical and medical departments were surveyed by questionnaire of the domestic common sharps injuries designed by Zhongshan Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University. Results 72.7% of the exposed sources were detected after the sharp wounds were investigated, and 27.3% of the unknown sources of exposure were reported. The first place of the source of bloodborne pathogens was hepatitis B virus, accounting for 59.09% ; “Self-memory” sharp injury report 69 people, the report rate was 28.16%, the actual report of 7 people, the report rate was 2.86%; occurred in the apparatus involved in sharp injuries in the first place is the scalp needle , The timing of sharps injury occurred in the first place is the surgical suture, the place of occurrence of sharp injuries first place is the general ward. Conclusions Sharp injury is a common occupational injury to medical staff. The report rate after sharps injuries is low. The basic medical staff urgently need to construct a complete protective knowledge barrier for occupational safety and ensure occupational safety.