论文部分内容阅读
自1997年首家货运航空企业运营以来,中国专业化货运航空发展已有二十年历史。受经济全球化和金融危机的影响,货运航空企业发展经历破产、重组、转型等变革,目前仅存6家,专业化航空货运市场规模相对较小。HHI指数分析表明,中国货运航空企业市场结构演化表现为“U”型特征,近期呈现向高寡头占有市场发展趋势。以中邮航、国货航、中货航及顺丰航空为代表,进一步分析货运航空企业的网络拓展、组织效率和枢纽格局。研究发现:四大航企航线网络拓展较为平稳,主要在三大城市群建设单枢纽或者双枢纽、通过“轴辐”模式组织运营,因而具有较高的网络组织效率。研究建议加快培育货运航空企业,鼓励拓展航线网络,并在中国内陆及全球建设货运航空枢纽。
Since the operation of the first cargo airline in 1997, the development of China’s specialized cargo aviation has been 20 years old. Affected by the economic globalization and the financial crisis, the development of freight airlines has undergone changes in bankruptcy, restructuring and transformation. At present, there are only 6 such airports, and the scale of the specialized air cargo market is relatively small. The HHI analysis shows that the evolution of the market structure of China’s cargo airlines is characterized by “U ”, and has recently shown the trend of development toward oligarchs with high market share. Represented China Postal Airlines, Air China Cargo, China Cargo Airlines and SF Express to further analyze the network expansion, organizational efficiency and pivot structure of freight airlines. The study found that the airline network of the four major airlines and airlines has a relatively stable expansion. The network is mainly constructed in the three major urban agglomerations with single hubs or double hubs and is operated through the “hub and spoke” mode, which results in a high network organization efficiency. The study suggests accelerating the development of cargo airlines, encouraging the expansion of route networks, and building a cargo air terminal in the hinterland and the whole of China.