一、引 言 复合材料在潮湿环境下的可靠性差,是防碍人们充分利用它的因素之一。曝置在大气中的复合材料构件,由于吸湿作用,其性能会降低。吸湿过程首先是环氧树脂从大气中吸收水分,表面层很快与周围环境达平衡,然后向整个材料扩散。吸收的水通常是以分子或分子群由氢键连到树脂上。水被树脂吸收,树脂发生溶胀,从而造成复合材料自行破坏。Whitney和Ashton认为,树脂基体长期浸泡在水中而引起的溶胀对层压材料的性能有显著的影 I. INTRODUCTION The poor reliability of composite materials in wet environment is one of the factors hindering people from making full use of it. Composite components exposed to the atmosphere have reduced performance due to moisture absorption. The hygroscopic process begins with the epoxy absorbing moisture from the atmosphere, the surface layer quickly equilibrating with the surrounding environment, and then diffuses throughout the material. Absorbed water is usually hydrogen bonded to the resin by molecules or groups of molecules. Water is absorbed by the resin, the resin swell, resulting in self-destruction of composite materials. Whitney and Ashton argue that swelling caused by prolonged immersion of the resin matrix in water has a significant effect on the properties of the laminate