股东派生诉讼起源于英国衡平法 ,在大陆法系和英美法系各国都存在这种制度 ,它的理论核心是股东诉权问题。股东派生诉讼的当事人包括原告、被告、公司。成为原告须满足三个条件 :股东身份的拥有、持股时间、持股数额。被告是导致公司利益受损的致害人 ,主要是公司的高级管理人员。公司在诉讼中既不是原告 ,也不是被告 ,它处于一种特殊的位置。 Derivative lawsuit originated from the British Equity Law. In civil law system and Anglo-American legal system all exist in this system. Its theoretical core is the issue of shareholders’ right of action. The parties to the shareholder derivative litigation include the plaintiff, the defendant and the company. To become a plaintiff must meet three conditions: the ownership of the shareholders, shareholding time, the amount of shares held. The defendant is the victim of damage to the company’s interests, mainly the senior management of the company. The company is neither a plaintiff nor a defendant in litigation, and it is in a special position.