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孕前保健与孕前咨询对于女性成功的妊娠及良好的预后具有重要作用,其主要目的是通过认识和改变备孕妇女的生活方式、行为习惯,干预其不良医学状况(如罹患某些疾病、服用某些药物等),并降低相关的社会风险,从而有效降低围产期疾病和高危因素的发生率和死亡率,因此,这一工作具有非常重大的现实意义和潜在的价值。本文主要针对备孕期妇女在生活方式、不良医学状况和遗传学筛查等方面的研究进展进行简要综述,以期为围产医学保健人员特别是基层医务工作者提供初步的孕前保健和咨询的理论依据。
Preconception and preconception consultation plays an important role in successful pregnancy and good prognosis in women. The main purpose of preconception and preconception consultation is to understand and change the lifestyle and behavior of pregnant women and interfere with their poor medical conditions (such as certain diseases, taking certain Drugs, etc.) and reduce the associated social risks, thereby effectively reducing the incidence and mortality of perinatal diseases and high-risk factors. Therefore, this work has very important practical significance and potential value. This article mainly reviews the progress of research on lifestyle, adverse medical condition and genetics screening of pregnant women in order to provide theoretical basis for prenatal care and counseling for perinatal medical health care workers, especially primary health care workers .