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全面性癫痫的脑电图(EEG)呈全面性棘慢复合波放电(GSWDs),近来研究表明GSWDs并非“全面地”累及整个大脑,而是与特异的神经网络相关。同步脑电图联合功能磁共振(EEG-fMRI)技术可无创、高时空分辨率地了解痫性电活动时各脑区的代谢功能变化。EEG-fMRI研究已发现丘脑-基底节-皮质网络在GSWDs的产生与维持中起重要作用。与GSWDs相关的功能磁共振(fMRI)信号变化规律:前额叶、额顶叶、后扣带回、楔前叶出现相似的负激活(deactivation)信号,丘脑出现较为一致的激活(activation)信号,基底节出现负激活信号。进一步研究发现,fMRI信号随GSWDs出现的时程动态变化,皮质神经元活动可能先于丘脑出现,但不同EEG-fMRI研究的皮质激活部位存在个体化表现,散在地分布于额叶、顶叶等皮质区域。进一步发展更加复杂的分析方法揭示fMRI信号的时程变化规律,研究GSWDs产生的起始、传导和维持涉及的神经网络,揭示全面性癫痫的行为表现、药物治疗反应与神经网络的关系是未来EEG-fMRI研究的方向。
EEG in generalized epilepsy shows comprehensive spike and slow composite wave discharge (GSWDs). Recent studies show that GSWDs are not “completely” involved in the entire brain, but are associated with specific neural networks. Synchronous electroencephalography combined with functional magnetic resonance imaging (EEG-fMRI) technology can be non-invasive, high spatial and temporal resolution of the understanding of epileptic electrical activity of brain changes in metabolic function. EEG-fMRI studies have found that thalamic-basal ganglia-cortical networks play an important role in the generation and maintenance of GSWDs. The fMRI signal changes associated with GSWDs showed similar deactivation signals in the prefrontal cortex, the frontal cortex, the cingulate gyrus, and the anterior wedge, and a more consistent activation signal in the thalamus. Negative basal ganglia activation signal. Further study found that, fMRI signal with the dynamic changes of the course of GSWDs, cortical neuronal activity may occur before the thalamus, but different EEG-fMRI study of cortical activation of the site there are individualized performance, scattered in the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, etc. Cortical area. Further develop more complex analysis methods to reveal the temporal variation of fMRI signal, study the initiation, conduction and maintenance of neural networks involved in GSWDs to reveal the behavior of generalized epilepsy. The relationship between drug treatment response and neural network is the future EEG -fMRI research direction.