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为探索光温协同作用对作物产量影响的机制和规律,文中运用APSIM模型模拟小麦产量对光照和温度变化的响应机制。研究结果表明:当温度不变时,小麦产量随光照升高呈开口向上的二次抛物线型变化,光照降低阈值点为3.23MJ/m2(日平均光照为17.89MJ/m2)。当光照小于17.89MJ/m2,光照对产量为负效应,每增加0.5MJ/m2,最大减产幅度高达7.1%,平均减产4.2%。当光照大于17.89MJ/m2,光照对产量为正效应,每增加0.5MJ/m2,最大增产幅度为2.9%,平均增产1.0%;当光照不变时,小麦产量与温度呈二次抛物线下降型变化,且温度对产量的贡献呈叠加递减效应。温度每升高0.5℃,最大减产幅度高达13.37%,平均减产7.31%。光照和温度二者之间存在正的互作效应,光照升高的增产效应不能补偿高温所导致的减产。
In order to explore the mechanism and law of synergistic effects of light and temperature on crop yield, the APSIM model was used to simulate the response of wheat yield to light and temperature changes. The results showed that when the temperature was constant, the yield of wheat showed a quadratic parabola change with the increase of light intensity. The threshold value of light reduction was 3.23MJ / m2 (daily average light was 17.89MJ / m2). When the light is less than 17.89MJ / m2, the light has a negative effect on the yield. For every increase of 0.5MJ / m2, the maximum rate of decrease is as high as 7.1% and the average yield is 4.2%. When the light intensity is more than 17.89MJ / m2, the light output is positive, with the increase of 0.5MJ / m2, the maximum increase rate is 2.9% and the average increase rate is 1.0%. When the light is constant, the yield and temperature of wheat are quadratic parabola Changes, and the contribution of temperature to the output is additive and decreasing effect. Each temperature increase of 0.5 ℃, the maximum reduction rate of up to 13.37%, with an average reduction of 7.31%. There is a positive interaction between the light and the temperature, and the increase effect of the increase of the illumination can not compensate for the decrease of the output due to the high temperature.