十九世紀末和二十世紀初是關於自然的科学——自然科学——蓬勃發展的時期。这些年代里物理学達到特别巨大的成就。發現了X-射线、電子、放射性現象、光電效应;創立了相对論、量子論等等。由於这些發現与科学理論,使得組成所謂经典物理学底內容的物質構造、物质運動形式底概念、時間和空間底概念以及其他等遭受到根本的破壞。物理科学的成就,标誌着物理学發展中的新階段;标志着物理学沿着更深入地和更全面 The late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were about science in nature - natural science - a period of flourishing growth. In these years physics has achieved particularly great achievements. Found X-ray, electronic, radioactive phenomena, photoelectric effect; founded the theory of relativity, quantum theory and so on. Because of these discoveries and scientific theories, the material structures that make up the so-called classical physics, the concepts of the forms of material movement, the concepts of time and space, and others are fundamentally undermined. The achievements of physical science mark a new phase in the development of physics; it marks that physics goes deeper and more comprehensively