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生长因子(growth factor)是具有刺激细胞生长活性的细胞因子,是一类通过与特异的、高亲和的细胞膜受体结合,调节细胞生长与其他细胞功能等多效应的多肽类物质,是对微生物正常代谢必不可少且不能用简单的碳源或氮源自行合成的有机物。生长因子多为广义的肽激素,有胰岛素、表皮生长因素、成纤细胞生长因素、血小板来源增殖因素以及生长激素释放抑制因子等。在肽激素之外,皮质醇和甲状腺素等也属于生长因子。在分泌特点上,生长因子主要属于自分泌和旁分泌。各类生长因子都有其相应的受体,是普遍存在于细胞膜上的跨膜蛋白,不少受体具有激酶活性,特别是酪氨酸激酶活性(如PDGF受
Growth factors are cytokines that stimulate cell growth activity and are a class of polypeptides that regulate the cell growth and other cellular functions by binding to specific, high-affinity cell membrane receptors. Microbial normal metabolism is essential and can not be a simple carbon source or nitrogen source of organic synthesis. Growth factors are mostly broad-spectrum peptide hormones, insulin, epidermal growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, platelet derived growth factor and growth hormone releasing factor and so on. In addition to peptide hormones, cortisol and thyroxine also belong to the growth factor. In the secretion characteristics, growth factors mainly belong to autocrine and paracrine. All kinds of growth factors have their corresponding receptors, is a universal transmembrane protein in the cell membrane, many receptors have kinase activity, especially tyrosine kinase activity (such as PDGF by