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目的：探讨首发精神分裂症患者注意返回抑制功能状况。方法将31例首发精神分裂症患者设为研究组，30例健康志愿者设为对照组；研究组均予以非典型抗精神病药物常规治疗，采用阳性与阴性症状量表评定精神症状控制状况，观察6个月。分别对两组进行注意返回抑制检测。结果研究组治疗后阳性与阴性症状量表总分逐渐下降，不同治疗时点注意返回抑制检测失误率比较差异有显著性（P＜0．05）。两组不同线索开始呈现到靶子的时间间隔水平、靶子同侧反应时间均显著长于异侧反应时间（P＜0．01），均存在返回抑制。研究组不同治疗时点在不同线索开始呈现到靶子的时间间隔水平、靶子同侧与异侧反应时间依次为：入组时＞治疗2个月＞治疗3个月＞治疗6个月＞对照组。结论首发精神分裂症患者存在返回抑制功能障碍，及时评估患者治疗各时段认知功能损害程度，对指导临床治疗及康复训练具有重要意义。“,”Objective To explore the inhibition status of return in first‐episode schizophrenia patients .Methods Thirty‐one first‐episode schizophrenics were assigned to research group and 30 healthy volunteers to control group;research group was routinely treated with atypical antipsychot‐ics ,control status of mental symptoms assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) , and observed for 6 months .Inhibition of return was detected in both groups .Results After treatment the total score of the PANSS gradually lowered ,there were significant differences in error rates of inhibition detection at different time points (P3rd >6th in research group and were > those in control group .Conclusion First‐episode schizophrenics have return inhibition dysfunction ,it has an important significance for guiding clinical treatment and rehabilitation training to assess cognitive function impairment timely .