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目的评价新疆生产建设兵团(简称新疆兵团)第四师汉、维吾尔和哈萨克族高中生艾滋病健康教育的效果,探索兵团团场不同民族青少年中预防艾滋病的学校健康教育策略与适宜方式。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,在635名汉、维吾尔和哈萨克族高中生中分别开展3种不同形式的艾滋病健康教育,在健康教育前后分别进行问卷调查,并评价健康教育干预效果。结果汉(χ2=54.654 5)、维吾尔(χ2=19.235 3)和哈萨克族(χ2=56.478 9)高中生中艾滋病基本知识核心指标的总体知晓率健康教育后明显提高,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.001);汉(χ2=14.150 0)、维吾尔(χ2=20.413 9)和哈萨克族(χ2=16.414 0)学生对待艾滋病患者态度的正确应答率均显著提高,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.001),但汉和哈萨克族学生避免性行为的正确生活行为干预前后差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.213 3,P>0.05);汉族学生获取艾滋病知识的主要途径为通过电视(87.97%)、医生(54.72%)和书籍(52.83%);维吾尔族学生获取艾滋病知识的主要途径为通过医生(84.21%)、电视(71.93%)和学校组织的宣传活动(59.65%);哈萨克族学生获取艾滋病知识的主要途径为通过电视(70.53%)、医生(67.63%)和学校组织的宣传活动(46.38%);汉、维吾尔和哈萨克族学生最喜欢获取艾滋病相关知识的途径分别为电视(24.53%)、医生(50.00%)、医生(44.44%)。结论调查地区的维吾尔和哈萨克族高中生艾滋病防治知识比较匮乏,在汉、维吾尔和哈萨克族学生中开展以知识讲座、观看视频和同伴教育等不同方式的预防艾滋病健康教育活动,能有效提高艾滋病防治知识知晓率和正向态度持有率。
Objective To evaluate the effect of HIV / AIDS health education among Han, Uyghur and Kazak high school students in the 4th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC) and to explore strategies of school health education and appropriate ways to prevent AIDS among ethnic minority youth in Corps. Methods A total of 635 Han, Uyghur and Kazak high school students were enrolled in this study. Three different forms of HIV / AIDS education were conducted. A questionnaire survey was conducted before and after health education, and the effect of health education intervention was evaluated. Results The overall awareness rate of basic core knowledge of AIDS among Han (χ2 = 54.654 5), Uyghur (χ2 = 19.235 3) and Kazak (χ2 = 56.478 9) students increased significantly after health education, with significant difference (Χ2 = 14.150 0), Uyghur (χ2 = 20.413 9) and Kazak (χ2 = 16.414 0), the correct response rate to AIDS patients was significantly higher (P <0.001) <0.001). However, there was no significant difference between Han and Kazak students before and after intervention to prevent sexual behavior (χ2 = 1.213 3, P> 0.05). The main ways for Han students to acquire AIDS knowledge were through television (87.97%), , Doctors (54.72%) and books (52.83%). The main ways for Uyghur students to acquire HIV / AIDS knowledge were through doctors (84.21%), television (71.93%) and publicity activities organized by the school (59.65% The main ways of AIDS knowledge were through television (70.53%), doctors (67.63%) and school-organized propaganda activities (46.38%). Han, Uyghur and Kazak students enjoyed the most access to AIDS-related knowledge through television (24.53% ), Doctor (50.00%), Health (44.44%). Conclusions HIV / AIDS prevention and control knowledge among Uighur and Kazak high school students in the surveyed areas is relatively scarce. Different kinds of HIV / AIDS health education activities including knowledge talks, video viewing and peer education among Han, Uighur and Kazak students can effectively improve AIDS prevention and control Knowledge awareness and positive attitude holding rate.