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本文通过对可溶性聚苯胺(PAn)的特殊处理及成膜工艺的改造,采用溶液浇铸法,首次成功地制备出力学和电学性能均较好的大面积聚苯胺自支撑膜(HSPAn膜).研究结果表明,HSPAn膜的抗张强度、杨氏模量和伸长率分别为87.9MPa,1563.9MPa和10.2％;该膜具有金属光泽、较高的致密性和较好的韧性。分子尺寸较小的质子酸(如HCl,HClO_4,等)可有效掺杂HSPAn膜,使其电导率可达到导电型PAn粉末的数量级。有效掺杂的HSPAn膜均可轻度拉伸(断裂伸长率大于40.0％),拉伸膜的电导率可高达36.7s/cm。本征和掺杂的HSPAn膜均具有良好的环境稳定性,空气中放置数月后,其强度和电导率基本不变。
In this paper, polyaniline self-supporting films (HSPAn films) with large mechanical and electrical properties were successfully prepared by the solution casting method through the special treatment of soluble polyaniline (PAn) and the film-forming process. The results showed that tensile strength, Young’s modulus and elongation of HSPAn films were 87.9MPa, 1563.9MPa and 10.2%, respectively. The film possesses metallic luster, high density and good toughness. Proton acids (such as HCl, HClO_4, etc.) of smaller molecular size can effectively dope HSPAn films so that the conductivity can reach the order of the conductive PAn powder. The effective doped HSPAn film can be slightly stretched (elongation at break greater than 40.0%), tensile film conductivity up to 36.7s / cm. Intrinsic and doped HSPAn membranes have good environmental stability, the air after several months, the strength and conductivity of the same.