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目的观察不同体积分数的乙醇溶液对旋毛虫幼虫活力及感染性的影响。方法在体外模拟胃内环境条件下,将100条旋毛虫用不同体积分数的乙醇溶液处理,美蓝-伊红-硼砂(M.E.B)染液鉴定幼虫的活力。64只昆明小鼠随机分为8组(每组8只),6组小鼠分别经口接种或喂饲500条用不同体积分数的乙醇溶液处理不同时间后的幼虫或含500条幼虫的肌肉,另2组分别为生理盐水处理幼虫与含幼虫肌肉的对照组,感染后7 d与40 d每组各剖杀4只小鼠,分别观察肠道雌虫数与肌幼虫数。结果肌幼虫用体积分数为0.20和0.25的乙醇溶液处理240 min,死亡率分别为0和1.4%;在体积分数为0.30、0.35、0.40、0.45、0.50、0.55和0.60的乙醇溶液处理组幼虫全部死亡所需时间分别为180、90、45、30、30、20和20 min;肌幼虫用体积分数为0.65的乙醇溶液处理1和6 min的死亡率分别为44.4%和100%。旋毛虫幼虫经不同体积分数乙醇溶液处理不同时间后的死亡率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。趋势性分析结果表明,在体积分数为0.25～0.60的乙醇处理组,幼虫的死亡率随乙醇体积分数的增加及处理时间的延长而升高(P<0.05)。不同体积分数的乙醇溶液处理不同时间的幼虫接种小鼠后7 d和40 d,未发现肠道成虫与肌幼虫。结论乙醇对旋毛虫幼虫有较强的杀伤作用,幼虫用体积分数≥0.35的乙醇溶液处理30 min其感染性及生殖力完全丧失。
Objective To observe the effects of different volume fractions of ethanol on the viability and infectivity of Trichinella spiralis larvae. Methods 100 Trichinella spiralis were treated with different volume fraction of ethanol solution in vitro under simulated gastric environment. The larvae activity was identified by using the M.E.B dye solution. Sixty-four Kunming mice were randomly divided into 8 groups (8 in each group). Six groups of mice were orally inoculated or fed with 500 different larvae of larvae or 500 larvae , And the other two groups were saline control larvae and larval muscle control group, 7 d and 40 d after infection, each group of 4 mice were killed, the number of intestinal fecal and muscle larvae were observed. Results Muscle larvae were treated with ethanol solution of 0.20 and 0.25 by volume for 240 min with the mortality of 0 and 1.4%, respectively. All the larvae were treated with ethanol solution of volume fraction of 0.30, 0.35, 0.40, 0.45, 0.50, 0.55 and 0.60 The death time was 180, 90, 45, 30, 30, 20 and 20 min respectively. The mortality of Mus musculus larvae treated with 0.65 ethanol solution for 1 and 6 min were 44.4% and 100%, respectively. The mortality of Trichinella spiralis larvae treated with different volumes of ethanol solution at different time was significantly different (P <0.05). The results of trend analysis showed that the mortality of larvae increased with the increase of ethanol volume fraction and the prolongation of treatment time (P <0.05) at the ethanol concentration of 0.25-0.6. Different concentrations of ethanol solution treated larvae of different time after inoculation mice 7d and 40d, no intestinal adult and muscle larvae were found. Conclusion Ethanol has a strong killing effect on Trichinella spiralis larvae. The larvae completely lost their infectivity and fecundity when treated with ethanol solution of volume fraction ≥0.35 for 30 min.