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妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)是妊娠期首次发现或发生的不同程度的糖耐量异常,不包括已经存在的糖尿病。近些年,GDM的发病率明显上升,引起了产科医师的高度重视。其属多因素疾病,对孕妇及胎儿均有较大的危害,易出现巨大儿、肩难产、新生儿低血糖等高风险情况。本文就其病因、筛查和诊断及治疗方式对妊娠期糖尿病作一综述。
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a first-trimester glucose tolerance disorder that is first discovered or occurs during pregnancy, excluding preexisting diabetes. In recent years, the incidence of GDM increased significantly, causing the obstetrician’s attention. It is a multifactorial disease that causes great harm to both pregnant women and fetus. It is easy to appear the high risk of huge children, shoulder dystocia and neonatal hypoglycemia. This article reviews the etiology, screening and diagnosis and treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus.