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目的检测Smad4和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)-C蛋白在结肠癌组织与癌旁正常组织的表达并分析其相关性。方法选择2012年10月至2015年3月收治的100例结肠癌患者手术切除的标本,对每例标本的结肠癌组织和癌旁正常组织采用免疫组织化学染色法检测其Smad4和VEGF-C蛋白表达水平,分析Smad4蛋白表达与结肠癌不同临床病理特征及与VEGF-C蛋白表达的相关性。结果 Smad4蛋白在结肠癌组织中的表达明显低于癌旁正常组织中的表达;VEGF-C蛋白在结肠癌组织中的表达明显高于癌旁正常组织中的表达。Smad4蛋白表达水平的下降和缺失与结肠癌患者出现淋巴结转移、血管淋巴管浸润、更高的肿瘤TNM分期及更差的肿瘤分化程度相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结肠癌组织中Smad4与VEGF-C蛋白表达呈明显负相关(r=-0.745,P=0.004)。结论Smad4在结肠癌的表达明显减少,其表达的减少和缺失与结肠癌患者更差的临床病理特征相关;Smad4在结肠癌的发生发展中发挥着抑制因子的作用,其可能通过上调VEGF-C的表达而抑制肿瘤进展。
Objective To detect the expression of Smad4 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) -C protein in colon cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues and to analyze their correlation. Methods 100 cases of colon cancer patients who underwent surgery were selected from October 2012 to March 2015. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of Smad4 and VEGF-C protein in colon cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue of each specimen The expression level of Smad4 protein in colorectal cancer was analyzed. The correlation between the expression of Smad4 protein and the clinicopathological features and the expression of VEGF-C protein in colon cancer was analyzed. Results The expression of Smad4 protein in colon cancer tissues was significantly lower than that in adjacent normal tissues. The expression of VEGF-C protein in colon cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues. The decrease and deletion of Smad4 protein expression correlated with lymph node metastasis, vascular lymphatic invasion, higher TNM stage and poorer tumor differentiation (P <0.05 or P <0.01) in colon cancer patients. The expression of Smad4 and VEGF-C in colon cancer tissues was negatively correlated (r = -0.745, P = 0.004). Conclusions The expression of Smad4 in colon cancer was significantly decreased, and the decrease and deletion of Smad4 was associated with the poorer clinical and pathological features of colon cancer. Smad4 plays a role of suppressor in the development of colon cancer, which may be related to the upregulation of VEGF-C Inhibition of tumor progression.