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几十年来,我们总是被告知:劳动是财富的源泉。 应该说,这是一个真理。可是,这又是一个十分偏狭的真理。 千百万人的商务实践证明,对个人来说,财富的源泉是多种多样的。 传统的劳动价值论只是强调了劳动对创造财富的价值,完全忽略了其他生产要素如财产权利、资本、企业家经营管理方面的知识、才能、机器设备、土地、营销渠道、市场技术、信息等等,对创造财富的价值;完全忽略了制度安排、权利行使、产业政策、价值观念等因素对创造财富的重要意义。 劳动价值论和按劳分配的分配制度固然有其合理的一面,但这套学说和制度今天显然是已经过时了。中共十五大报告提出,除按劳分配之外,还要按生产要素分配。《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十个五年计划的建议》指出:“实行按劳分配为主体,多种分配方式并存的制度,把按劳分配与按生产要素分配结合起来。鼓励资本、技术等生产要素参与收益分配。” 事实上,商务实践早已走在理论和政策的前面了。 你拥有某种生产要素,就拥有了某种致富途径。 个人获取财富的途径已经越来越多了。
For decades we have always been told that labor is a source of wealth. It should be said that this is a truth. However, this is another very narrow truth. The business practices of millions of people have proved that, for individuals, the source of wealth is varied. The traditional labor theory of value merely emphasizes the value of labor to wealth creation, completely neglecting the knowledge of other factors of production, such as property rights, capital, entrepreneurial management, talents, machinery and equipment, land, marketing channels, market technology, information, etc. And so on, the value of creating wealth; completely ignored the institutional arrangements, the exercise of rights, industrial policies, values and other factors on the importance of creating wealth. While the theory of labor value and the system of distribution according to work have their own advantages, this doctrine and system are obviously outdated today. According to the report of the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, besides the distribution according to work, the distribution according to factors of production should be distributed. The “Proposal of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the Tenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development” states: “The system of distribution according to work as the main body and the multiple modes of distribution coexist, combining the distribution according to work with the distribution according to factors of production. Capital, technology and other factors of production participate in the distribution of benefits. ”In fact, business practices are long gone ahead of theory and policy. You have a certain factor of production, you have some way to get rich. There are more and more ways for individuals to obtain wealth.