1978年,乌拉尔车辆厂与全苏铁路运输科学研究院协作,根据交通部车辆总局下达的任务书,着手设计无端门简统化结构的四轴全钢敞车。在拟定技术文件的过程中,考虑了乌拉尔、克留科夫、日丹诺夫车辆厂生产的敞车在全路的运用经验,并且利用了车辆安全技术部门的统计资料。设计中注意到了旧结构标准敞车的一个严重的缺点是端门的可靠性不高。运用中时常发现端门外胀、门板四周变形、门框与角柱之间有明显的斜缝、上下门栓不起作用,甚至端门脱落。敞车设置端门在当时运输履 In 1978, the Ural Vehicle Works, in collaboration with the All-Su Railway Transport Research Institute, proceeded to design a four-axle all-steel gondola with a simplified gate structure based on the mission statement issued by the General Administration of Transportation of the Ministry of Communications. In drafting technical documents, the experience of using gondola cars made by the Urals, Kryukov and Zhdanov vehicles in the entire road was taken into consideration and the statistics of the vehicle safety technology department were taken into account. One serious downside of the standard gondola, which has noticed the old structure in the design, is that the reliability of the end door is not high. Often found in the use of end-door expansion, the deformation around the door, doorframe and corner posts obvious oblique seam, the upper and lower door bolt does not work, and even the door off. Gondola set the door at the time of transport footwear