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我们对中药清热药(知母、生地)的作用机理和知母的有效成分菝葜皂甙元抑制人红细胞钠、钾泵的特性进行了研究。结果表明菝葜皂甙元和生地梓醇对人红细胞钠、钾泵具有显著的抑制作用,提示清热药的清热作用可能与钠、钾泵被抑制有关。 菝葜皂甙元对人红细胞钠、钾泵的抑制作用是可逆的,抑制作用的发生是比较缓慢的,并可被细胞外Na~+所增强,而被细胞外K~+所拮抗。菝葜皂甙元对红细胞摄取Rb~+的抑制属混合性抑制。菝葜皂甙元掺入重新封闭的人红细胞影泡的研究,提示菝葜皂甙元抑制红细胞钠、钾泵的作用部位可能在细胞膜的外侧面。
We studied the mechanism of the traditional Chinese medicine heat-clearing medicine (Anemarrhenae and Rehmannia) and the effect of the active ingredient of Anemarrhenae saponin on the inhibition of sodium and potassium pump of human erythrocytes. The results showed that saponins and retinol have significant inhibitory effects on the sodium and potassium pump of human erythrocytes, suggesting that the heat-clearing effect of heat-clearing drugs may be related to the inhibition of sodium and potassium pumps. The inhibitory effect of saponins on the sodium and potassium pump of human erythrocytes is reversible. The inhibition is relatively slow and can be enhanced by extracellular Na~+ and antagonized by extracellular K~+. The inhibitory effect of saponins on the uptake of Rb~+ by red blood cells is mixed inhibition. The study of the incorporation of re-closed human erythrocyte shadow bubble into saponin alone indicated that the effect of saponin from saponin inhibiting the red blood cell sodium and potassium pump may be located on the outer side of the cell membrane.