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早在4年前，笔者即在一次全国性福利生产信息会上得知，天津市直属福利生产由于受到内外部双重因素的制约，发展步履相当艰难。同全国其它大城市直居福利企业一样，天津市局直属福利企业普遍存在着厂房老化、设备老化、技术老化、产品老化、人员老化和效益差这“五老一差”现象
As early as 4 years ago, the author learned at a national welfare information conference that the development of welfare benefits directly under the Tianjin Municipality is very difficult due to the constraints of internal and external double factors. Like other well-established welfare enterprises in other big cities throughout the country, Welfare enterprises directly under the Tianjin Bureau of Labor prevailed over the phenomenon of “factory-aging, equipment aging, technical aging, product aging, personnel aging and poor efficiency”