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目的探讨妊娠期低水平铅暴露对子代大鼠免疫功能的影响。方法孕鼠随机分为4组,3个处理组自怀孕第1天起分别给予醋酸铅含量为125、250、500mg/L的饮水,对照组给予不含铅的蒸馏水,分别于仔鼠出生后1、21、60d检测仔鼠血铅、IgG浓度、T淋巴细胞酸性α-醋酸萘酯酶(acid α-naphthyl acetate esterase,ANAE)阳性率、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能。结果铅处理组仔鼠出生后1、21 d血铅明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01),至60 d龄,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);铅处理组1、21d龄仔鼠血清IgG显著下降,60d龄500 mg/L剂量组下降明显(P<0.05,P<0.01);250、500mg/L剂量组1、60 d龄仔鼠T淋巴细胞ANAE阳性率显著降低,21d龄仔鼠各剂量组T淋巴细胞ANAE阳性率均显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);250、500 mg/L剂量组1、21d龄仔鼠吞噬指数显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),至60 d龄,仅500 mg/L剂量组仔鼠吞噬指数显著降低(P<0.01)。结论妊娠期低水平铅接触可以引起仔鼠免疫功能下降,这种影响作用直至仔鼠血铅恢复正常仍可以持续存在。
Objective To investigate the effect of low level lead exposure during pregnancy on immune function in offspring rats. Methods The pregnant rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. The three treatment groups were given 125, 250 and 500 mg / L lead acetate from the first day of pregnancy respectively. The control group was given distilled water without lead, The levels of blood lead and IgG, the positive rate of acid α-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) in T lymphocytes and phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages were detected at 21 and 60 days. Results The level of blood lead in the lead treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group on day 1 and day 21 after birth (P <0.05, P <0.01), but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05) (P <0.05, P <0.01). The levels of serum IgG in 1,21-d-old offspring of Pb-treated group decreased significantly at 500d / The positive rate of ANAE in lymphocytes was significantly decreased, and the positive rate of ANAE of T lymphocytes in each dose group was significantly decreased (P <0.05, P <0.01) (P <0.05, P <0.01). At the age of 60 d, the phagocytic index of offspring in the 500 mg / L group was significantly decreased (P <0.01). Conclusions Low levels of lead during pregnancy may cause the immune function of the offspring to decline. This effect can not continue until the blood lead level of the offspring is normal.