作为有机场效应晶体管的重要组成部分,有机半导体材料对器件性能有着重要的影响.相对于小分子半导体材料而言,聚合物半导体材料因其具有更容易溶液加工、适用于室温制备等优势,得到了研究者的广泛关注和研究.从20世纪70年代至今,聚合物半导体材料及其光电器件均得到了突飞猛进的发展.经过研究者们的不断探索创新,各种结构新颖的聚合物半导体材料层出不穷,器件制备工艺也不断优化改进,使得聚合物场效应晶体管的载流子迁移率从早期的10–5 cm2 V–1 s–1提升到了如今的36.3 cm2 V–1 s–1,在聚合物场效应材料分子结构的设计合成方面积累了丰富的经验,同时其内在电荷传输机理也随着材料和器件性能的提高不断明朗.本文以分子结构作为切入点,分别从p型、n型及双极性3种载流子传输类型方面对近5年报道的高迁移率聚合物半导体材料进行了系统的总结与归纳,同时还简要分析了聚合物半导体材料中的电荷传输机制及优化方法,希望对研究者进一步设计和合成更高性能的聚合物半导体材料及器件构筑起到一定的指导作用. As an important part of the organic field effect transistor, the organic semiconductor material has an important influence on the performance of the device.Compared with the small molecule semiconductor material, the polymer semiconductor material has the advantages of easier solution processing, suitable for room temperature preparation and the like, Researchers have been widely concerned about and research.From the 1970s to the present, polymer semiconductor materials and optoelectronic devices have been the rapid development.After the researchers continue to explore and innovate, a variety of novel polymer semiconductor materials are emerging The fabrication process of the device is also optimized and improved. As a result, the carrier mobility of the polymer field effect transistor has been raised from the initial 10-5 cm2 V-1 s-1 to the current 36.3 cm2 V-1 s-1. Field effect material molecular structure design and synthesis has accumulated rich experience, while its intrinsic charge transport mechanism with the improvement of materials and device performance has become clear.In this paper, the molecular structure as a starting point, respectively, from the p-type, n-type and double Polarity Three types of carrier transport are reported for the last 5 years for high-mobility polymer semiconducting materials At the same time, the charge transfer mechanisms and optimization methods in polymer semiconductors are also briefly analyzed. It is hoped that this method can guide researchers to further design and synthesize higher performance polymer semiconductors and devices.