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目的验证2012年盐碘浓度下调的正确性。方法盐碘浓度下调前(2011)与后2年(2014),每个区县按东、西、南、北、中5个方位各随机抽取1个镇(街道)的4个村或居委会,分别采集15户居民食盐,定量检测盐碘;以“PPS”抽样法抽取全市30个单位所在区县,再抽取1所小学40-50名8-10岁儿童,男女各半,年龄均衡,采集儿童尿液和家庭食用盐检测碘含量,用B超法检查儿童甲状腺;频率指标和中位数用χ~2检验、盐碘含量用t检验作统计学分析,P<0.05为有显著性差异。结果居民户和儿童家庭碘盐覆盖率2011年为99.6%和99.7%,2014年为99.6%和98.8%,居民户相同,儿童家庭变化显著(χ~2=6.09>3.84,P<0.05),盐碘平均含量2011年为31.7mg/kg和30.5mg/kg,2014年为26.7mg/kg和26.2mg/kg,显著减少5mg/kg和4.3mg/kg(t=70.11、19.50>2.58,P<0.01);儿童尿碘中位数2011年为254.1μg/L,2014年为222.7μg/L,显著下降31.4μg/L(χ~2=23.45>6.63,P<0.01),2011年和2014年尿碘频数<50μg/L、50μg/L-、100μg/L-、200μg/L-和≥300μg/L比例分别为2.4%和2.9%、6.9%和8.3%、23.3%和30.8%、30.9%和30.7%、36.5%和27.3%,100μg/L-组显著上升,≥300μg/L组显著下降(χ~2=20.45、28.39>6.63,P<0.01),其他无显著变化(χ~2均<3.84,P>0.05);儿童甲状腺肿大率2011年为5.5%,2014年为3.2%,显著下降41.8%(χ~2=8.79>6.63,P<0.01)。结论 2012年重庆市食盐加碘浓度由2011年的35mg/kg下调至30mg/kg后,儿童尿碘中位数由254.1μg/L降至222.7μg/L,甲状腺肿大率由5.5%降至3.2%,一般人群碘营养趋于适宜状态,证明2012年的盐碘浓度下调是正确的。
Objective To verify the correctness of the 2012 salt iodine concentration reduction. Methods Before salt (2011) and after 2 years (2014), iodine concentration in each county was randomly selected from 4 villages or neighborhood committees of one town (street) in five directions of east, west, south, 15 households were collected salt, salt iodine quantitative detection; “PPS” sampling method to extract the city’s 30 districts where the county, and then extract a primary 40-50 children aged 8-10, half male and female, age balanced , Collecting children’s urine and family salt for detection of iodine content, B-ultrasound examination of children with thyroid; frequency index and the median with χ ~ 2 test, salt iodide content by t test for statistical analysis, P <0.05 was significant Sex differences. Results The coverage of iodized salt in households and children was 99.6% and 99.7% in 2011 and 99.6% and 98.8% respectively in 2014, with the same households and significant changes in children’s families (χ ~ 2 = 6.09> 3.84, P <0.05) The average salt iodine content was 31.7 mg / kg and 30.5 mg / kg in 2011 and 26.7 mg / kg and 26.2 mg / kg in 2014, with a significant reduction of 5 mg / kg and 4.3 mg / kg (t = 70.11 and 19.50> 2.58, P <0.01). The median urinary iodine in children was 254.1 μg / L in 2011 and 222.7 μg / L in 2014, with a significant decrease of 31.4 μg / L (χ ~ 2 = 23.45> 6.63, P <0.01) The annual urinary iodine frequency was less than 50μg / L, 50μg / L-, 100μg / L-, 200μg / L- and ≥300μg / L were 2.4% and 2.9%, 6.9% and 8.3%, 23.3% and 30.8% (Χ ~ 2 = 20.45,28.39> 6.63, P <0.01), while there was no significant change in the other groups (χ ~ 2 All were less than 3.84, P> 0.05). Goiter rate in children was 5.5% in 2011 and 3.2% in 2014, a significant decrease of 41.8% (χ ~ 2 = 8.79> 6.63, P <0.01). Conclusions After ILC in Chongqing was reduced from 35mg / kg in 2011 to 30mg / kg in 2011, the median urinary iodine in children dropped from 254.1μg / L to 222.7μg / L, and the goiter rate decreased from 5.5% to 3.2%. The iodine nutrition of the general population tends to be in a suitable state, which proves that the salt iodine concentration in 2012 is correct.