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材料和方法实验动物用成年家兔24只,在硫苯妥钠肌肉注射及普罗卡因局部麻醉下,先作手术暴露耳下区面神经总干,然后用-196℃的冻头,压接于面神经上,一组冷冻2分钟,另一组冷冻3分钟和三个冻融周期。冷冻后观察面部活动情况,并分别于冻后即时与一、二、三、四、六及八周,切除受冻部位的面神经,制作超微切片,进行电子显微镜观察。观察结果临床观察:面神经被低温冷冻后,受冻侧都立即呈现神经麻痹症状,眼睑不能闭合,鼻翼及上、下唇不能活动,胡须呆滞。冻后二周时,神经功能开始有所恢复,眼睑最先有活动;冻后三周时,眼睑已能大部分闭合;冻后四周,闭眼良好,鼻翼和上唇也开始有轻度活动。冻后6～8周,则鼻、唇部活动基本恢复。也有个别兔恢复较晚,但最后全部恢复正常功能活动。
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four adult rabbits were exposed to local anesthesia with intramuscular and local anesthesia with propiconazole, On the facial nerve, one group was frozen for 2 minutes, the other group was frozen for 3 minutes and three freeze-thaw cycles. After frozen, the facial activity was observed. The facial nerve in the frozen area was excised immediately after freezing and one, two, three, four, six and eight weeks later respectively. Ultramicro-sections were made and electron microscopy was performed. Observations Clinical observations: After the facial nerve is frozen at low temperature, the paralyzed side of the frozen nerve immediately presents symptoms of paralysis, the eyelids can not be closed, the nose and upper and lower lip can not move, beard sluggish. Two weeks after freezing, the nerve function began to recover, and the eyelids first had activity. Most of the eyelids were closed at three weeks after freezing. Four weeks after freezing, eyes closed were good, and the alar and upper lip began to have mild activity. 6 to 8 weeks after freezing, the nasal and lip movements basically recovered. There are also individual rabbits recovered later, but in the end all returned to normal functional activity.