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为研究环形电极直径及其相对于喷头的布置方式对雾滴荷电效果的影响,在TR80-02C圆锥雾喷头上,采用5种不同直径的环形电极和5种安装位置进行全因素射流荷电喷雾试验,用网状目标法测量群体雾滴的荷电电流、总质量和试验时间,用荷质比来评价雾滴的感应荷电性能。详细分析荷电电压、电极环直径和安装位置对雾滴荷质比的影响,并在理论上对其显示的特性和机理给出科学的解析。试验结果表明:荷电量随作用于电极上的荷电电压提高而增大;电极环直径增大,雾滴的荷电量反而减小;电极安装位置沿喷射方向前移,其雾滴荷电量增大;荷电量与电极环直径和安装位置间存在线性关系。通过进一步分析,构建了荷电系数与电极参数和位置关系的经验公式,该公式可用于计算和预测感应电极荷电量,为电极参数与静电喷头的合理设计提供科学依据。
In order to study the influence of ring electrode diameter and its arrangement on the charge-discharge effect of the droplet, five full-diameter jet electrodes with five ring electrodes of different diameters and five mounting positions were used on the TR80-02C conical mist nozzle. In the spray test, the net current method was used to measure the charge current, total mass and test time of the droplet. The charge-to-charge ratio was used to evaluate the induced charge performance of the droplet. The effects of charging voltage, electrode ring diameter and installation position on the droplet charge-mass ratio were analyzed in detail and the theoretical analysis was made on the characteristics and mechanism of the droplet. The experimental results show that the charging amount increases with the increase of the charging voltage applied to the electrode. The diameter of the electrode ring increases, but the charge of the droplet decreases. The mounting position of the electrode moves forward along the jetting direction. There is a linear relationship between the charge amount and the electrode ring diameter and installation position. Through further analysis, an empirical formula of the relationship between the charge coefficient and the electrode parameters and the position is established, which can be used to calculate and predict the charge of the sensing electrode, and provide a scientific basis for the reasonable design of the electrode parameters and the electrostatic nozzle.