新生儿缺氧缺血性脑损伤可导致围生期新生儿死亡或神经系统的发育障碍等严重后遗症。研究发现,缺氧缺血导致脑组织中谷氨酸在神经元周围过度蓄积,并作用于不同类型的受体,造成不同部位的神经元兴奋性中毒乃至死亡。谷氨酸拮抗剂减轻谷氨酸释放和钙超载,谷氨酸受体拮抗剂能有效阻断兴奋毒性,减轻脑组织损伤,从而为新生儿脑损伤的防治提供了新的思路。 Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage can lead to severe sequelae of perinatal neonatal death or developmental disorders of the nervous system. The study found that hypoxia-ischemia causes glutamate in brain tissue to over-accumulate around neurons and act on different types of receptors, resulting in excitotoxicity and even death of neurons in different parts. Glutamate antagonists reduce glutamate release and calcium overload, glutamate receptor antagonists can effectively block excitotoxicity, reduce brain damage, and thus provide a new idea for the prevention and treatment of neonatal brain injury.